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Aviation "heavy oil" creates a blueprint for the future unmanned war
2021/3/16
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"Intelligent + Humanized"War form
Since its birth, the drone has become a good marriage with warFrom World War II to the present, it has experienced many wars of all sizes. In these wars, drones were used to perform reconnaissance, surveillance, signal intelligence collection, temptation, harassment/anti-radiation, attack and other tasks, achieving increasingly good results and received attention from countries around the world. As early as during World War II, Hitler, Germany secretly engaged in the development of V-1 missiles, which was the world's first drone to be automatically guided by the flight control system during the entire flight process, and was also a pioneer of modern cruise missiles.RecentlyWars between Azerbaijan and ArmeniamiddleAzerbaijan supports it with Türkiye but not advancedTB-2 droneKill all sides! Armenian tanks, rocket launchers, and even air defense missiles were all brutally killed! Make drones a hot spot again in the use of modern military！
The rapid development of unmanned technology, the large number of unmanned weapons, and the increasing strength of unmanned combat forces The frequent use of Yamato unmanned combat methods has promoted the information-based war formThe initial stage of "digitalization + networking" is accelerating to the relatively stage of "intelligence + humanized", and the picture of unmanned war in the future has become clearer and clearer.
The National Security Center in its research report20YY: Prepare for the War in the Robot Age" points out that "War in the Robot Age is no longer a science fiction novel." Just as automatic rifles have never been automatically launched, unmanned wars are not wars without anyone participating, but a new type of war style of "the platform is unmanned, the system is unmanned, the front line is unmanned, the rear is unmanned, the action is unmanned, and the accusation is a new type of war.
from"Liaoning" values oil
The Liaoning is our country's first aircraft carrier, representing our country's military progress. The Liaoning ship's power plant uses a steam turbine, which requires oil, but the Liaoning does not use ordinary gasoline or diesel, but heavy oil. Why does the Liaoning burn heavy oil?
Heavy oil is the residual heavy oil after crude oil is extracted from gasoline and diesel. It belongs to a category of fuel. This heavy oil combines many advantages of gasoline and diesel. This oil is relatively viscous. The reason why Liaoning ships use this oil is because the heavy oil has a relatively high viscosity and high molecular weight, and its calorific value is generally10000 to 11000 kcal/kg, while diesel and gasoline have smaller molecular weights, and the heat generated is very different from heavy oil, so heavy oil is more suitable for the combustion of steam turbines. Moreover, the price of heavy oil is relatively cheap because the price of heavy oil is one-third of the price of diesel. Taking Liaoning as an example, the amount of money required to fill up the oil at one time is more than 10 million, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is about 50 tons, which is a huge expense.
In short, conventionally powered aircraft carriers use heavy oil in part for the safety of the aircraft carrier itself, while the other part is that the heat released by diesel and gasoline during combustion cannot meet the needs of the aircraft carrier.。
From the aircraft engine"heavy oil"
Engine performance is related to the overall performance of the aircraft. Before World War II, all the aircraft's power was piston engines, but mainly ignited gasoline engines. The combustion, atomization and low-temperature fluidity of aviation gasoline are good, and are the main fuels of aviation piston engines at present. However, the flash point of aviation gasoline is low, the saturated vapor pressure is relatively high, it is easy to volatilize, and has poor safety. Aviation heavy oil has relatively flash point and volatilization temperature, is safer and easy to store and manage. Therefore, the application of aviation heavy oil is receiving more and more attention and shows a trend of rapid development.
Xinsijie Industrial Research CenterIssued《2020-2025 China Aviation Heavy Oil Piston Engine Industry Market In-depth Research and Development Prospects Forecast Report》It shows that compared with traditional aero gasoline piston engines, heavy-fuel aviation piston engines have obvious advantages:1. The safety of heavy oil aviation piston engines is relatively good. 2. The fuel availability of heavy-oil aviation piston engines is easy to obtain and easy logistics support. 3. The heavy oil aviation piston engine has good relatively characteristics. 4. Heavy oil aviation piston engine has strong versatility and broad application prospectsIn 1994, NASA began to implement a general aviation propulsion plan to provide power technology for future general light aircraft with safety, comfort, simplicity and cost-effectiveness. In the report, it pointed out that the concept of developing heavy fuel aircraft engine HFE (Heavy fuel engine) was proposed to meet the requirements of the new US airworthiness safety standards (FAA specifications) and the needs of use cost and military logistics simplification. Since heavy fuel engines have many advantages over existing engines, they can simplify troop logistics support and improve support efficiency, heavy fuel is an inevitable trend in the future use of aviation piston engine fuel.
The U.S. military released the "Unmanned System Roadmap" in 2005, which is a heavy oilThe engine has made newer requirements and has proposed to give priority to the study of heavy oil engines (HFE), which enables stable and reliable application to small drones. The power replacement of US military drones in recent years is also obvious - heavy oil is an inevitable trend in the future fuel use of aviation piston engines!
